51 pages • 1 hour read
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Content Warning: This section includes discussions of racism, colorism, racially motivated violence and abuse, and rape.
The book’s main theme is the deep-rooted and ever-prevalent nature of racism in the US. Through Kitty’s character, the reader sees the history of how the racist structure of US society was built, starting with white people enslaving Black people and progressing to the segregated South of the Jim Crow era. Through Kitty, the reader sees how the events of the civil rights era, like the murder of Emmett Till and the Montgomery bus boycotts, affected Black people throughout the United States. Through Elise’s character, the reader receives a reality check: The racism of Kitty’s past is still present to this day. The narrative references modern incidents like the backlash against football player Colin Kaepernick for kneeling in honor of #blacklivesmatter and against Meghan Markle for marrying a white English prince. Elise reveals that when she posts about #blacklivesmatter on her Instagram, her publicist, Rebecca, takes the posts down because they make her uncomfortable and go against Elise’s “brand,” which in Rebecca’s eyes requires her to look and behave as white as possible. Finally, in the book’s final chapters, it is revealed that Elise witnessed and experienced police brutality as a child when her father was pulled over by the LA police with Elise in the car. The incident included Elise’s father being called the n-word and tackled to the ground. By shifting back and forth between the past and present, the narrative shows how the building blocks of a racist society have been put in place, creating a monolith that is hard to dismantle.
One reason US structural racism can persist is because it is so deeply ingrained that it is often not acknowledged by those perpetuating it. Repeatedly, white characters in the book—particularly Rebecca, Nathan, and Henry Polk—seem to suggest that a “racist” person is someone who fought for the Confederacy or joins the KKK. While characters like Rebecca may not use the n-word or consider themselves prejudiced, they nevertheless function as part of the racist machine of society. Rebecca takes down Elise’s #blacklivesmatter Instagram posts, silencing her, for example. Meanwhile, Nathan silences Kitty when he refuses to make movies that portray meaningful Black issues or characters, telling Kitty, “I’m not here to change the world. I’m here to entertain, and I’m telling you, it won’t make any money” (328). Nathan and Rebecca, although living in different times, are worried about the same thing: their reputations among other white people, their comfort, and their paychecks. In this way, the book also hints at the ways capitalism and structural racism are intertwined. People do not want to challenge the status quo if it means discomfort or financial loss.
Intersectionality refers to the way social categorizations like race and gender overlap, creating an interdependent system of disadvantage and discrimination. The book demonstrates the damaging implications of intersectionality most clearly through Kitty’s character. Kitty is not just Black; she is a Black woman. Kitty herself recognizes the disadvantages of this double categorization. Even as a child dreaming of Hollywood, she knew that becoming a movie star “was an impractical goal for a White woman, let alone a Negro one” (86). As an adult, Kitty and the other Black women she knows who are passing share a keen knowledge of the danger this dual identity means for them. Nina serves as the most poignant example of one of the risks they face. Nina leaves her Black husband to pass and marries a rich, white man, and she is ultimately murdered by her Black husband. The Blair House women react thusly:
Everyone realized how vulnerable they were, how insignificant they could become. How beauty sometimes led to tragedy. Some had been jealous of Nina’s glamorous life, but they felt bad about their envy now. The need to possess her, to own her, was the masculine greed that killed her (264).
In Nina’s case, both her Blackness and her womanhood contributed to her demise. Kitty herself feels the repercussion of men’s need “to possess, to own” women, especially Black women, when her husband forces her to have sex with him without contraception. At that moment, she feels fully dehumanized.
Kitty and her compatriots are burdened with additional concerns that a Black man passing as white would not have—notably, the risk of pregnancy. As Emma tells Kitty, one rule of passing is “Never get pregnant. Traits skip generations—who knows what the baby will come out looking like” (133-35). At the same time, the women know that marrying a rich, white man will help keep them safe, as another rule states “Marry well. Money is the best protection” (133-35). This presents a conundrum, given the expectation of the time of a woman performing her “wifely duty” and starting a family. The book shows the women taking drastic measures as a result. Emma has a dangerous operation to have her womb removed, for example, while Kitty is forced to give her dark-skinned baby up. In both cases, Emma and Kitty turn to darker-skinned Black women to keep their secrets and support them: Emma’s sister, Laurie, whom she employs as a maid, cares for her and conceals her recovery, while Kitty asks Nellie, her Black midwife, to raise her daughter Sarah as her own. Laurie and Nellie illustrate the way colorism and class add another dimension to intersectionality, placing an additional set of burdens onto darker-skinned and lower-class Black women than are experienced by women like Kitty.
An intergenerational tale with many different family histories interwoven, Did You Hear About Kitty Karr? also makes a thematic argument about the weight of family legacy. The most obvious example of this comes in the form of Rebecca’s family. When Elise is thinking of sharing Kitty’s truth with the world, Rebecca cautions Elise, saying, “Talking about Kitty means we’ll have to talk about my family too. Some of them are no better than the rapists and murderers in the news. If people go digging into Kitty’s history, they’ll find Teddy Lakes” (392). Rebecca does not want the public to scrutinize her family history, which epitomizes the “[w]hite roots that burrow, snake, and choke” that Sarah refers to when discussing Kitty’s secret (366). Sarah herself is unwilling to reveal Kitty’s secret, which points to the shame Kitty’s legacy placed on Sarah as a child that was “too dark” for Kitty to raise herself. For both Rebecca and Sarah, therefore, the legacy of racist abuse that has intertwined their families is too heavy to confront.
Despite Rebecca and Sarah’s protests, Elise decides to unveil Kitty’s secret. Though doing so reveals truths that are upsetting to some, it also opens up opportunities for healing for others. This speaks to the book’s argument regarding the interwoven nature of legacies. Part of Elise’s decision is influenced by Jasper Franklin, the grandson of a photographer who took pictures of Kitty. When Elise is hesitating to share Kitty’s secret, Jasper suggests that he may unveil it by telling his grandfather’s story. Jasper tells her, “This isn’t just Kitty’s story. It’s my grandfather’s too. I have a legal right to it. My grandfather owned his photographs, and I own his estate” (358). Jasper’s words drive home the point that speaking about a legacy—or, more broadly, history—may be liberating for some people yet uncomfortable for others. He also emphasizes the way that lives are interconnected, meaning that one person’s story affects and belongs to many others. This is especially true when a history is shared by many people, such as the history of structural racism in the US. Revealing Kitty’s family legacy to the world allows Elise to use her estate to support reparations to Black Americans, in part healing the painful American legacy of racism that forced Kitty to pass all those years before.
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