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35 pages 1 hour read

Boy: Tales of Childhood

Nonfiction | Autobiography / Memoir | Middle Grade | Published in 1984

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Themes

The Horrors of Boarding School and Violent Discipline

Dahl has few fond memories of his time at the esteemed public schools St. Peters and Repton. Tellingly, he departs Repton as a 17-year-old “without the slightest regret” (208). Dahl is incredibly homesick as an eight-year-old child among strangers, and he condemns the adults at his institution who, instead of treating the children in their care with kindness and compassion, seem to delight in punishing and tormenting them for the most minor infractions. In one anecdote, Dahl recalls that the Matron, hearing his classmate Tweedie snoring, shaves soap into the young boy’s mouth to punish him for this “lower class” habit. Tweedie’s distress at this shocking treatment is apparent when he wakes up crying out “Oh no! Wh-wh-what’s happening? Wh-wh-what’s on my face? Somebody help me!” as he claws at his face with shock and panic (107).

Dahl most strongly condemns the use of flogging with a cane as a punishment. He remembers in detail the instances during his schooling when he is flogged; the precise details he recalls illustrate how vividly this cruelty is imprinted upon him. Experiencing these punishments, as well as hearing about them secondhand from friends, leaves a “lasting impression of horror” upon Dahl (177). In particular, he details and condemns the Headmasters’ interest in mastering the art of optimizing the pain of the experience: “Mr. Coombes was well practiced and had a splendid aim […] he was able, so it seemed, to land the second one almost across the narrow line where the first one had struck” (55). When intentionally striking in the same line as the previous blow, “the agony is unbelievable” (55). Most distressing is the Repton Headmaster’s practice of instructing the boys to remove their trousers and lie across his sofa to maximize the pain inflicted; blood was frequently drawn from the backsides of the young boys, and a basin and a sponge were provided so that the blood could be removed before the boys put their trousers and underwear back on. As well as the physical pain inflicted, Dahl emphasizes the intentionally humiliating nature of this practice in his recollections.

Archaic Medical and Safety Standards

Dahl begins his book with an anecdote about his father, Harald Dahl, whose arm is amputated after a drunk doctor misdiagnoses a broken arm as a dislocation during his childhood in Norway. This shocking story establishes archaic medical and safety standards as a recurring and frequently explored theme in Dahl’s work.

Dahl, sometimes with bemusement and sometimes with condemnation, recollects the vastly different standards which existed in the 1920s. Dahl remembers vividly the operation in which his adenoids are sliced off with a scalpel, without warning of the incoming pain and without any kind of anesthesia. Dahl remembers that “the roof of my mouth seemed to be on fire” (81). No pain relief is offered at any point. The nonchalance with which this invasive surgery is conducted is further heightened by Dahl’s recollection that he and his mother simply “started walking. I said walking” to his grandparents’ home immediately after it (81). His emphasis on their “walking” illustrates his shock that a young boy would have a part of his body cut off and then be expected to go for a long walk home right away. Dahl recalls that in 1924, when his adenoid operation is conducted, “taking out a child’s adenoids, and often the tonsils as well, without any anesthetic was common practice” (82). Similarly, Dahl vividly remembers the unconventional treatment of his friend Ellis, who had a towel thrown in his face while the doctor violently lanced his boil at the St. Peter’s Sick Room. He directly asks the reader to consider how drastically these standards have changed in the 100 years since Dahl’s childhood.

With some amusement, Dahl recalls that operations, including his sister’s appendix removal and the reattachment of his own nose, were conducted by a visiting doctor at their family table, simply with a sheet thrown over it.

Dahl remembers that his half-sister receives only two half-hour lessons on how to operate the family’s new car, the first one they have ever owned. This hour of tutelage is “considered quite sufficient … in that enlightened year of 1925” (119). Dahl’s reflections on these lax attitudes toward driving are clearly tongue in cheek; his sister’s unpreparedness for driving is made clear in the car crash that sends the family members through the respective windshields of the car and leads to Dahl’s almost losing his nose. As in many of his anecdotes, the content is both humorous and distressing.

The Importance of Friends and Family in Enduring Hardship

Dahl celebrates the importance of family and friends in enduring times of immense hardship, such as boarding school. The memory of Dahl’s family, happy at their home in Llandaff, both tortures and comforts the young, homesick Dahl when he first attends boarding school. He positions himself every night in his bed so that he faces his home, having to recalibrate the appropriate position when he moves dormitories. He remembers that “never once did I go to sleep looking away from my family […] It was a great comfort to do this” (105). Constant correspondence from his mother also helps to comfort Dahl. Their letters are dear to both parties, as they continue this tradition of regularly writing to each other until Sofie’s death. 

The boys often comfort and support each other. Dahl remembers vividly, in addition to the horror of being flogged by the Headmaster at St Peters, the kindness of his classmates when he returns to them. He is “surrounded on all sides by sympathetic faces and voices,” and this means a lot to the traumatized young boy. Dahl reflects that “small boys can be very comradely when a member of their community has got into trouble” (148). Dahl’s friend Highton comments that since Dahl doesn’t have a father to write to the school to complain about the unjust flogging, Highton will write to his own father, who will write to the Headmaster. Nothing comes of this—Highton’s father obviously decides not to intervene—but the gesture comforts Dahl immensely. Similarly, when Captain Hardcastle gives Dahl a strike in front of the school for allegedly cheating during Prep, Dahl remembers that “all around, I could feel a kind of sympathy reaching out to me from every boy in the school” (140).

In a similar vein, when a young boy decides to punish the Matron for her cruelty by sprinkling sugar all over the floor of their dormitory, his peers approve of his minor act of rebellion and vow not to turn him in. They remain loyal to him even when their tuckbox keys are confiscated. 

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