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48 pages 1 hour read

Another Country

Fiction | Novel | Adult | Published in 1962

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Part 3, Chapters 1-2Chapter Summaries & Analyses

Part 3: “Toward Bethlehem”

Part 3, Chapter 1 Summary

Vivaldo is troubled by cryptic nightmares in which he is chased through a dangerous, confusing world. He wakes up in Eric’s bed with Eric kissing his neck and tries to remember how their embrace began. Vivaldo gives himself up to the moment and they have sex. After, Vivaldo thanks Eric for showing him a new perspective on his own sexuality because he now feels “clear, washed, and empty, waiting to be filled” (242). Vivaldo is shaken from his reverie, but he remains certain that he loves Eric, even if they may never express their love for one another ever again. Their moment is interrupted by the telephone: Cass calls Eric, wanting to be with him after her argument with Richard. Eric agrees to meet Cass later in the afternoon. He discusses the “messy” (244) situation with Vivaldo, who insists he does not feel guilty about anything. As Vivaldo makes coffee, Eric thinks about everything that has happened until his thoughts are interrupted by a phone call from his agent. The agent has booked an audition for Eric, who he assures is “going to go right over the top” (247). Vivaldo and Eric toast Eric’s success with whisky then drink their coffee. As Eric thinks about his future, Vivaldo wonders aloud about his future with Ida.

Eric leaves to meet Cass while Vivaldo lingers in Eric’s apartment. He plans to call Ida when Eric leaves. She answers the telephone immediately and asks Vivaldo whether he has spoken to Cass, revealing that Richard visited her, looking for Vivaldo as he feels that Vivaldo has “betrayed” (250) him. Vivaldo agrees to return to his apartment, where Ida will meet him. Before he can leave Eric’s apartment, however, a telegram arrives for Eric from Europe. Vivaldo leaves the telegram on Eric’s table with a note, thanking Eric for “a great day” (251), and then exits the apartment.

Eric meets Cass at a museum. They walk among the exhibits as she describes her angry confrontation with Richard and the sleepless night that followed. Richard, she explains, has threatened to divorce her and take the children with him, but she believes that he is just trying to hurt her as she hurt him. As she talks and as Eric begins to pity her, he realizes that he cannot truly save her because he never truly loved her. Instead, he has “used her to find out something about himself” (253). Cass admits that she is afraid for the future. Now, she sees the world as a cold and lonely place. She predicts that she and Richard will try and “weather this, and stick together” (254) for the sake of their children. She does not know whether this will work, but she cannot see any other option than to try. Eric understands, though he regrets that he cannot help her. They exit the museum and bid farewell to each other as Cass enters a taxi. She promises to call Eric.

Vivaldo returns to his apartment where Ida is waiting for him. As she cooks for him, he watches her closely and notices “something sad and lonely in her whole aspect” (256). They talk about love, but Vivaldo detects that Ida is keeping something from him. Reluctantly, she explains that Rufus’s death affected her in a profound way. She did not want to be exploited or misunderstood in the same way that had happened to Rufus. Furthermore, she wanted to punish the people who she considered “too cowardly to even know what they had done” (261) to her brother. She liked Vivaldo, she tells him, but her plan ensured that she would use her sexuality to achieve something. She tells Vivaldo about Ellis, how he helped her singing career and treated her nicely. Ellis appreciated that she loved Vivaldo because it meant that their affair did not need to become messy or complicated and because the affair “gave him another kind of power” (263) over Ida and Vivaldo. Ida admits that by the time her revenge for Rufus was becoming real, she realized that Vivaldo was not the kind of person she wanted to target. But she did not know how to tell Vivaldo nor how to end her affair with Ellis. She had tried to endure Ellis for the sake of her career, but at the bar the previous evening, she reached the end of her ability to do so. The musicians in the bar knew Rufus and were disgusted by her relationship with Ellis. Rather than gain revenge on men like Ellis, Ida realized that she had become his victim. She explains to Vivaldo that she let Ellis take her home and have sex with her. As Ida cries, Vivaldo tries to comfort her though he feels reviled by the story she has told him. He makes coffee while she cleans her face in the bathroom; he feels “nothing” (267), but he comes to an understanding about a key element of life that is missing from his unfinished novel. Before he can write anything down, however, the telephone rings. Eric explains to Vivaldo that Cass plans to return home to New England for a short time and that Richard is still out, possibly with Ellis. Eric apologizes for not telling Vivaldo about Ellis and Ida. He invites Vivaldo and Ida to his house, where Yves will soon arrive. Vivaldo promises to call Eric later. Vivaldo returns to the kitchen where he and Ida drink coffee. She assures him that she loves him. However, Vivaldo struggles to return the sentiment. He thanks her for telling him the truth and asks for more time to process his emotions. They embrace “like two weary children” (269). Later, he works on his novel and she sleeps.

Part 3, Chapter 2 Summary

Yves arrives in New York City the following morning. He looks at the city as the plane descends and then examines the other passengers as they prepare to disembark. Once on the ground, the passengers’ personalities seem to change and he suddenly feels “helplessly French” (272). When he steps off the plane, he sees Eric and feels instantly comforted.

Part 3, Chapters 1-2 Analysis

Part 3 of Another Country brings the characters’ motivations into sharp focus. Ida is the clearest example of this. The tensions that have defined her life are laid bare for Vivaldo in a brutally honest discussion at their kitchen table. She tells Vivaldo that she has been unfaithful to him with Ellis, the television executive. However, she reveals her motivation for this betrayal. Since her brother’s death, she has sought revenge against the world and the people she believed failed to save him. Ida’s desire to seek vengeance against society led her to Ellis; she wanted to exploit him, to use him to further her career without becoming emotionally attached. Vivaldo complicated this plan. Rather than the burning anger she felt toward most people, Vivaldo actually provided her with comfort. She genuinely loves Vivaldo, but she feels indebted to her brother’s memory to continue with her plan. Ida fails. She not only threatens to destroy her loving relationship with Vivaldo, but she also fails to leave any impact on Ellis’s life. She made the mistake of believing that Ellis was anything other than a cynical, amoral exploiter of people. He is unable to be emotionally invested in their relationship, so he feels no sadness when it ends. Instead, he takes a grim satisfaction in holding power over Ida and gaining some kind of victory over Vivaldo. Ellis is the embodiment of the alienated society, in which the pursuit of money and physical pleasure is more important than any emotionally rewarding relationship. Ida fails because she overestimated her ability to fight back against such a society and underestimated the cynicism and the indifference of the society and Ellis himself.

Though Ida threatens to destroy her relationship with Vivaldo, she does not completely destroy him. Instead, she provides him with a level of insight and understanding that he has sought for a long time. Other than the loss of Rufus, Vivaldo has not known much about sadness or oppression. He may be poor, but he has always been surrounded by friends; he may have endured rough nights and felt a degree of alienation, but he was always a member of the society’s majority so was rarely punished simply for existing. Ida’s confession arms Vivaldo with an understanding of the world beyond his own desires. He is forced to confront the reality that other people have agendas that differ from and conflict with his own. Vivaldo has empathy thrust upon him and even this small amount of insight is enough to inspire him. The novel does not reveal whether Ida and Vivaldo lived happily ever after nor whether Vivaldo finished his novel. However, Another Country does leave the audience with the understanding of the importance of even a little empathy as something that can change a life.

The short final chapter of the novel portrays Yves’s arrival in New York. The chapter begins on the flight from France. In this moment, Yves is in an important transition. He is going from a world where he feels at home, at least as a Frenchman in France. He speaks French as a first language, understands the culture, and – even though his sexuality makes him an outsider in many ways – he possesses an innate familiarity with his homeland that allows him to relax. The closer Yves comes to disembarking the plane, the more he realizes that he is in a new world. He speaks English, but he does not have a mastery of the language. The culture of the United States— including idioms and geography— is unfamiliar and strange to him. The people who seemed so friendly and familiar in France or while flying now seem like strangers. Yves’s flight shows the moment of realization as he transitions from being an insider to an outsider. This chapter could portray the initial stages of social alienation. However, Eric meets Yves at the airport. The alienation that has affected so many other characters is relieved, as Yves can rely on Eric to guide him through the strange new world. He has a loving, supportive partner who can relieve the nascent anxieties of being an outsider in an unfamiliar society. Yves’s reunion with Eric hints that love and friendship are the solution to alienation.

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